Dutch National news outlet NOS reports that students who have a (non-western) migration background assist to be disproportionately targeted by a fraud detection algorithm. This algorithm is developed and deployed by Dienst Uitvoering Onderwijs (DUO) a national agency responsible for financing students.
This is stated by 30 lawyers who represent accused students. Out of the 376 students they serve, 367 are students with a migration background.
Apparently, the algorithm was developed, tested and deployed with built-in biases. Students for instance who are living at an aunt’s or brother’s place are seen as higher risk. Culturally, these tend to be students with a migration background.